The Cloud On-Premise installation completes successfully, but when attempting to browse to the login page, the username and password fields are left-justified, and the product logo does not appear.
Problem: Certain IIS features were not enabled: Server-Side Includes, Static Content, and Static Content Compression.
Resolution: Enable these features as described in the Related Pages article below: "Cloud On-Premise installation: IIS Settings Prerequisites". Then refresh the browser.
Note: Earlier versions of the linked article did not list those features as required (though they are enabled by default).